JavaScript Metode Array
Kekuatan JavaScript array terletak
pada metode array.
Konversi
Array ke String
Dalam JavaScript, semua benda
memiliki valueOf () dan toString () metode.
The valueOf () metode adalah
perilaku default untuk array. Ia mengembalikan sebuah array sebagai string:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.valueOf();
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.valueOf();
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The valueOf() method
returns an array as a comma separated string.</p>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits.valueOf();
</script>
</body>
</html>
Untuk JavaScript array, valueOf ()
dan toString () adalah sama.
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.toString();
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.toString();
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The toString() method
returns an array as a comma separated string.</p>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits.toString();
</script>
</body>
</html>
The bergabung () metode juga
bergabung semua elemen array menjadi string.
Ini berperilaku seperti toString (),
tetapi Anda dapat menentukan pemisah:
Contoh
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana", "Orange","Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.join(" * ");
</script>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana", "Orange","Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits.join(" * ");
</script>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>the join() method joins
array elements into a string.</p>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits.join(" * ");
</script>
</body>
</html>
Popping
dan Mendorong
Ketika Anda bekerja dengan array,
mudah untuk menghapus elemen dan menambahkan elemen baru.
Ini adalah apa yang muncul dan
mendorong adalah: Popping item dari array, atau mendorong barang ke dalam
array.
The pop () metode menghapus
elemen terakhir dari array:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.pop(); // Removes the last element ("Mango") from fruits
fruits.pop(); // Removes the last element ("Mango") from fruits
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The pop method removes the
last element from an array.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.pop()
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
The dorongan () metode
menambahkan elemen baru ke array (di akhir):
|
Ingat: [0] adalah elemen pertama
dalam array. [1] adalah yang kedua. Array indeks mulai dengan 0.
|
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.push("Kiwi"); // Adds a new element ("Kiwi") to fruits
fruits.push("Kiwi"); // Adds a new element ("Kiwi") to fruits
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The push method appends a
new element to an array.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.push("Kiwi")
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Pop () method mengembalikan string
yang "muncul keluar".
Push () metode mengembalikan panjang
array baru.
Pergeseran
Elemen
Shifting setara dengan bermunculan,
bekerja pada elemen pertama bukan yang terakhir.
The shift () metode menghapus
elemen pertama dari array, dan "shift" semua elemen lain yang
menempatkan ke bawah.
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.shift(); // Removes the first element "Banana" from fruits
fruits.shift(); // Removes the first element "Banana" from fruits
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The shift method removes
(shifts) the first element of an array.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.shift();
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
The unshift () metode
menambahkan elemen baru ke array (di awal), dan "unshifts"
unsur-unsur yang lebih tua:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.unshift("Lemon"); // Adds a new element "Lemon" to fruits
fruits.unshift("Lemon"); // Adds a new element "Lemon" to fruits
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The unshift method adds new
elements to the beginning of an array.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.unshift("Lemon");
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
<p><b>Note:</b>
The unshift() method does not work properly in Internet Explorer 8 and earlier,
the values will be inserted, but the return value will be
<em>undefined</em>.</p>
</body>
</html>
Pergeseran () method mengembalikan
string yang "bergeser keluar".
The unshift () metode mengembalikan
panjang array baru.
Mengubah
Elemen
Elemen array diakses menggunakan
mereka nomor indeks :
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits[0] = "Kiwi"; // Changes the first element of fruits to "Kiwi"
fruits[0] = "Kiwi"; // Changes the first element of fruits to "Kiwi"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Array elements are accessed
using their index number.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits[0] = "Kiwi";
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Properti Panjang menyediakan cara
mudah untuk menambahkan elemen baru ke array:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits[fruits.length] = "Kiwi"; // Appends "Kiwi" to fruit
fruits[fruits.length] = "Kiwi"; // Appends "Kiwi" to fruit
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The length property
provides an easy way to append new elements to an array without using the
push() method.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits[fruits.length] = "Kiwi";
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Menghapus
Elemen
Karena JavaScript array obyek,
elemen dapat dihapus dengan menggunakan operator JavaScript menghapus :
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
delete fruits[0]; // Changes the first element in fruits to undefined
delete fruits[0]; // Changes the first element in fruits to undefined
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Deleting an element leaves whole
in an array.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
delete fruits[0];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits[0];
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
|
Menggunakan hapus pada
elemen array daun lubang terdefinisi dalam array. Gunakan pop () atau
sambatan () sebagai gantinya.
|
Splicing
Array
The sambatan () metode dapat digunakan
untuk menambahkan item baru ke array:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.splice(2, 0, "Lemon", "Kiwi");
fruits.splice(2, 0, "Lemon", "Kiwi");
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The splice() method adds
new elements to an array.</p>
<button onclick="myFunction()">Try
it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.splice(2, 0, "Lemon", "Kiwi");
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Parameter pertama (2) mendefinisikan
posisi di mana unsur-unsur baru harus ditambahkan (disambung di).
Parameter kedua (0) mendefinisikan berapa
banyak elemen harus dihapus .
Sisa parameter ("Lemon",
"Kiwi") mendefinisikan unsur-unsur baru yang akan ditambahkan
.
Menggunakan
sambatan () Hapus Elemen
Dengan pengaturan parameter pintar,
Anda dapat menggunakan sambatan () untuk menghapus elemen tanpa meninggalkan
"lubang" dalam array:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.splice(0,1); // Removes the first element of fruits
fruits.splice(0,1); // Removes the first element of fruits
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The splice() methods can be
used to remove array elements.</p>
<button onclick="myFunction()">Try
it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.splice(0, 1);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Parameter pertama (0) mendefinisikan
posisi di mana unsur-unsur baru harus ditambahkan (disambung di).
Parameter kedua (1) mendefinisikan berapa
banyak elemen harus dihapus .
Sisa parameter dihilangkan. Tidak
ada elemen baru akan ditambahkan.
Sorting
Array
The sort () metode macam
array abjad:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.sort(); // Sorts the elements of fruits
fruits.sort(); // Sorts the elements of fruits
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The sort() method sorts an
array alphabetically.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.sort();
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Semacam () metode mengambil fungsi
sebagai parameter. Fungsi ini dapat digunakan untuk menentukan metode semacam.
Membalikkan
Array
The terbalik () metode membalikkan
elemen dalam array.
Anda dapat menggunakannya untuk
mengurutkan array dalam rangka menurun:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
fruits.sort(); // Sorts the elements of fruits
fruits.reverse(); // Reverses the order of the elements
fruits.sort(); // Sorts the elements of fruits
fruits.reverse(); // Reverses the order of the elements
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The sort() method sorts an
array alphabetically.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= fruits;
function myFunction() {
fruits.sort();
fruits.reverse();
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = fruits;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Numeric
Urut
The sort () metode tidak
dapat digunakan pada sejumlah array, karena macam abjad (25 lebih besar dari
100).
Anda dapat memperbaiki hal ini
dengan menyediakan fungsi yang mengembalikan -1, 0, atau 1:
Contoh
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
points.sort(function(a, b){return a-b});
points.sort(function(a, b){return a-b});
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Click the button to sort
the array in ascending order.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= points;
function myFunction() {
points.sort(function(a, b){return a-b});
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = points;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Gunakan trik yang sama untuk
mengurutkan menurun array:
Contoh
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
points.sort(function(a, b){return b-a});
points.sort(function(a, b){return b-a});
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Click the button to sort
the array in descending order.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= points;
function myFunction() {
points.sort(function(a, b){return b-a});
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = points;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Fungsi Memanggil (a, b)
mengembalikan -1, 0, atau 1, tergantung pada nilai-nilai a dan b.
Argumen disediakan oleh metode
semacam () ketika membandingkan dua nilai.
Contoh: Ketika membandingkan 40 dan
100, semacam itu () metode panggilan function (40,100).
Temukan
tertinggi (atau terendah) Nilai
Bagaimana menemukan nilai tertinggi
dalam array?
Contoh
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
points.sort(function(a, b){return b-a});
// now points[0] contains the highest value
points.sort(function(a, b){return b-a});
// now points[0] contains the highest value
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The highest number is
<span id="demo"></span></p>
<script>
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
points.sort(function(a, b){return
b-a});
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= points[0];
</script>
</body>
</html>
Dan terendah:
Contoh
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
points.sort(function(a, b){return a-b});
// now points[0] contains the lowest value
points.sort(function(a, b){return a-b});
// now points[0] contains the lowest value
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The lowest number is
<span id="demo"></span></p>
<script>
var points = [40, 100, 1, 5, 25,
10];
points.sort(function(a, b){return
a-b});
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML
= points[0];
</script>
</body>
</html>
Bergabung
Array
The concat () metode
menciptakan array baru dengan menggabungkan dua array:
Contoh
var myGirls = ["Cecilie",
"Lone"];
var myBoys = ["Emil", "Tobias","Linus"];
var myChildren = myGirls.concat(myBoys); // Concatenates (joins) myGirls and myBoys
var myBoys = ["Emil", "Tobias","Linus"];
var myChildren = myGirls.concat(myBoys); // Concatenates (joins) myGirls and myBoys
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Click "Try it" to
display all my children:</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
function myFunction() {
var myGirls = ["Cecilie", "Lone"];
var myBoys = ["Emil", "Tobias", "Linus"];
var myChildren = myGirls.concat(myBoys);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = myChildren;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
The concat () metode dapat mengambil
sejumlah argumen array:
Contoh
var arr1 = ["Cecilie",
"Lone"];
var arr2 = ["Emil", "Tobias","Linus"];
var arr3 = ["Robin", "Morgan"];
var myChildren = arr1.concat(arr2, arr3); // Concatenates arr1 with arr2 and arr3
var arr2 = ["Emil", "Tobias","Linus"];
var arr3 = ["Robin", "Morgan"];
var myChildren = arr1.concat(arr2, arr3); // Concatenates arr1 with arr2 and arr3
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Click the button to join
three arrays.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
function myFunction() {
var arr1 = ["Cecilie", "Lone"];
var arr2 = ["Emil", "Tobias", "Linus"];
var arr3 = ["Robin", "Morgan"];
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML =
arr1.concat(arr2, arr3);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
Mengiris
Array
The slice () metode irisan
sepotong array:
Contoh
var fruits = ["Banana",
"Orange", "Lemon", "Apple", "Mango"];
var citrus = fruits.slice(1,3);
var citrus = fruits.slice(1,3);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>The slice() method slices
elements from an array.</p>
<button
onclick="myFunction()">Try it</button>
<p
id="demo"></p>
<script>
function myFunction() {
var fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Lemon",
"Apple", "Mango"];
var citrus = fruits.slice(1,3);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = citrus;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
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